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Horned Lizards, Shrikes, and Evolution
by Greg Lavine
Reprinted from Herp Digest, Vol.4, No.34, April 19, 2004.
Originally from the Salt Lake Tribune.
Over a period of recent summers, to see if Arizona's horned lizard was a threatened species, Utah State University's Kevin Young and his field team were tracking one with a transmitter on a Marine Corps bombing range in Arizona. They had followed the signal to a bush. After a futile search beneath the plant, a field worker finally found the lizard. "There was a lizard hanging right in front of her face," Young said of the searcher. "She shouted 'It's been shriked'."
A predatory bird known as a shrike had impaled it on a twig. Young's team decided to start collecting such skeletons as trophies. These tiny mementos eventually produced a study on natural selection that appeared in last week's edition of Nature.
Researchers long believed that the length of a lizard's horns appears to play a role in how well the reptile defends itself against the robin-sized shrikes. But the paper in Nature was the first to show with concrete evidence that not only was this true, but how as a result shrikes were helping determine the evolution of this lizard species.
"It not only reveals selection but also pinpoints the mechanism," said Kelly Zamudio, a biologist at Cornell University, who was not part of the study.
Despite the excitement about this discovery, to Young and his team, it was only a side project. The original study, to see if the horned lizard is threatened, continues.
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